مهندسی متالورژی

مهندسی متالورژی

تاثیر دما بر سینتیک استحاله آستنیت به مارتنزیت و خواص کششی فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی 304

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران،تهران،ایران.
2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران،تهران،ایران.
3 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران،تهران،ایران.
4 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.
چکیده
در این پژوهش تاثیر دما بر سینتیک استحاله آستنیت به مارتنزیت و خواص کششی فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی 304 بررسی شد. به منظور تحقق این هدف، آزمایش کشش تک محوری بر روی نمونه­های فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی 304 در دو دمای 25  و 78 - انجام شد. بررسی های ریزساختاری با استفاده از میکروسکوپ نوری و فریتسکوپ انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند که در دمای 78 - نسبت به دمای 25  به علت پایداری کمتر آستنیت و افزایش نیروی محرکه استحاله آستنیت به مارتنزیت، کسر حجمی مارتنزیت حدودا  بیشتر تشکیل شده است. حداکثر نرخ استحاله آستنیت به مارتنزیت برای دماهای 25  و 78 - به ترتیب در کرنش حقیقی 3/0 و 2/0 بدست آمد و مقایسه نتایج بدست آمده در دو دما نشان داد که میزان حداکثر نرخ استحاله در دمای 78 - نسبت به دمای 25  بیشتر بود. نمودارهای نرخ کارسختی برحسب کرنش حقیقی در دو دمای25  و 78 - برای آزمایش کشش تک محوری ترسیم شد. نرخ کارسختی در دمای 78 - نسبت به دمای 25  بیشتر بود و با کاهش دما مقادیر ضریب استحکام و توان کارسختی فازهای آستنیت و مارتنزیت افزایش یافتند. همچنین مقدار میانگین سختی در آزمایش کشش تک محوری در دمای 78 - و 25  به ترتیب 309 و 280 به دست آمد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Temperature effects on the kinetics of austenite to martensite transformation and the tensile properties in 304 austenitic stainless steel

نویسندگان English

moloud shakeri 1
Hossein Arabi 2
Bagher Mohammad Sadeghi 3
bahman mirzakhani 4
1 MSc. Student, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده English

In this study, the effect of temperature on the kinetics of austenite to martensite transformation and the tensile properties of 304 austenitic stainless steel were investigated. In order to achieve this goal, uniaxial tensile tests were performed on 304 austenitic stainless steel samples at two temperatures of 25 and -78 . Microstructural investigations were conducted using an optical microscope and a ferritscope. According to the results, the volume fraction of martensite at -78  temperature is approximately 13  higher than at 25  due to lower stability of austenite and increased driving force for the transformation of austenite into martensite. At temperatures 25  and -78 , the maximum transformation rate of austenite to martensite was obtained at true strains of 0.3 and 0.2, respectively, and the comparison of these results indicated that at the temperature of -78 , there was a greater transformation rate than at 25 . The work hardening rate graphs for uniaxial tensile testing were plotted at two temperatures of 25  and -78 . A higher work hardening rate was observed at -78°C than at 25°C, and the strength coefficients and work hardening exponents of the austenite and martensite phases increased as temperature was decreased. In addition, in the uniaxial tensile test, the average hardness was determined at -78  and 25  as 309 and 280, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Austenitic Stainless Steel 304
Martensitic Transformation Rate
Uniaxial Tensile Test
Work Hardening
Effect of Temperature
[1]      Padilha. A. F, Rios .P. R. Decomposition of Austenite in Austenitic Stainless Steels. ISIJ Int 2002; 42: 325–337. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.42.325
[2]      Smith WF. Structure and Properties of Engineering Alloys. McGraw-Hill, 1993.
[3]      Rajasekhara S, Ferreira PJ, Karjalainen LP, et al. Hall-Petch behavior in ultra-fine-grained AISI 301LN stainless steel. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci 2007; 38: 1202–1210.
[4]      Davis JR. Alloy digest sourcebook : stainless steels. Material Park, OH : ASM international, 2000.
[5]      Hedström P. Deformation and Martensitic Phase Transformation in Stainless Steels. Luleå Univ Technol.
[6]      David A. Porter , kenneth E , Easterling MYS. Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys. 3rd ed. 2009. Epub ahead of print 2009. DOI: 10.1201/9781439883570.
[7]      Haušild P, Davydov V, Drahokoupil J. Characterization of strain-induced martensitic transformation in a metastable austenitic stainless steel. Mater Des 2010; 31: 1821–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.008
[8]      Sato K, Ichinose M, Hirotsu Y. Effects of deformation induced phase transformation and twinning on the mechanical properties of austenitic Fe–Mn–Al alloys. ISIJ Int 1989; 29: 868–877.
[9]      Hedayati A, Najafizadeh A, Kermanpur A. The effect of cold rolling regime on microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 304L stainless steel. J Mater Process Technol 2010; 210: 1017–1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.02.010
[10]    G. B. Olsen M cohen. Kinetics of Strain-induced Martensitic Nucleation. J Assoc Physicians India; 62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02672301
[11]    Brooks JW, Loretto MH, Smallman RE. In situ observations of the formation of martensite in stainless steel. Acta Metall 1979; 27: 1829–1838. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(79)90073-7
[12]    Angel T. Formation of martensite in austenitic stainless steels effects of deformation, temperature, and composition. J Iron Steel Inst 1954; 177: 165–174.
[13]    Gerberich, W.W., Thomas, G., Parker, E.R. and Zackay, V.F., “Metastable Austenites: Decomposition and Strength”, in Second International Conference on the Strength of Metals and Alloys, Conference Proceedings, Vol. III, Metals
 
Park, Ohio: American Society for Metals (1970), 894–99.
[14]    Schramm RE, Reed RP. Stacking fault energies of seven commercial austenitic stainless steels. Metall Trans A 1975; 6: 1345–1351. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02641927
[15]    Das A, Tarafder S, Chakraborti PC. Estimation of deformation induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels. Mater Sci Eng A 2011; 529: 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.08.039
[16]    Talonen J, Hänninen H. Formation of shear bands and strain-induced martensite during plastic deformation of metastable austenitic stainless steels. Acta Mater 2007; 55: 6108–6118.
[17]    Anand A. Stainless Steel Grade Datasheets Atlas Steels Technical Department Stainless Steel Grade Datasheets. Atlas Steels Tech Dep 2013; 2 of 2.
[18]    Talonen J, Nenonen P, Pape G, et al. Effect of strain rate on the strain-induced γ, → α′-martensite transformation and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci 2005; 36 A: 421–432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0313-y
[19]    Kaoumi D, Liu J. Materials Science & Engineering A Deformation induced martensitic transformation in 304 austenitic stainless steel : In-situ vs . ex-situ transmission electron microscopy characterization. Mater Sci Eng A 2018; 715: 73–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.12.036
[20]    Olson GB, Cohen M. A mechanism for the strain-induced martensitic transformations. J Less-Common Met 1972; 28: 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(72)90173-7
[21]    Das A, Sivaprasad S, Ghosh M. Morphologies and characteristics of deformation induced martensite during tensile deformation of 304 LN stainless steel. Mater Sci Eng A 2008; 486: 283–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.08.039
[22]    Talonen J. Effect of Strain-Induced Alfa’-Martensite Transformation on Mechanical Properties of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels. 2007.
[23]    De AK, Speer JG, Matlock DK. Deformation-induced phase transformation and strain hardening in type 304 austenitic stainless steel. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci 2006; 37: 1875–1886.
[24]    Dieter GE. Mechanical metallurgy. McGraw-Hill, 2011. Epub ahead of print 23 November 2011. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.35895.
[25]    Tourki Z, Bargui H, Sidhom H. The kinetic of induced martensitic formation and its effect on forming limit curves in the AISI 304 stainless steel. J Mater Process Technol 2005; 166: 330–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.08.010
[26]    Shintani T, Murata Y. Evaluation of the dislocation density and dislocation character in cold rolled Type 304 steel determined by profile analysis of X-ray diffraction. Acta Mater 2011; 59: 4314–4322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2011.03.055
[27]    Tsukada Y, Shiraki A, Murata Y. Phase-field simulation of nucleation and growth of M23C 6 carbide and ferromagnetic phases during creep deformation in Type 304 steel. J Nucl Mater 2010; 401: 154–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.04.017

  • تاریخ دریافت 11 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 12 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 مرداد 1402