Metallurgical Engineering

Metallurgical Engineering

Investigating on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ti-10Mo alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Arezoo Pourshoja 1
maziyar azadbeh 1
Mohammadreza Etminanfar 1
Amir Javadpour 1
Leila Fathyunes 2
Mahla Hakimi 1
1 School of material engineering, sahand university of technology, Tabriz, Iran
2 School of tecnical and engineering, Bonab, Iran
10.22076/me.2024.2009702.1388
Abstract
In this research, the microstructure, distribution of elements and constituent phases, of SPSed Ti-10Mo alloy were evaluated and their effect on its corrosion resistance were investigated. To prepare Ti-10Mo alloy by spark plasma sintering, 90 wt.% of powder titanium was mixed with 10 wt.% of molybdenum powder in a ball mill for 10 hours. The ratio of ball to powder were 1:10. The powder mixture were sintered at 1250˚C at pressure of 50 MPa for 6 min in a vacuum of 0.1 Pa. In the microstructure β phase and α/β structure, in which acicular α phase have grown in the grain boundaries, are seen. Analysis of open circuit potential indicated that a passive film formed spontaneously on the alloy, and due the wide passive region that can be seen on the polarization curve, would another evidence to formation of the passive film. The EIS results also confirm that the passive oxide film formed on the alloy is a bi-layer structure consisted of an outer porous layer and an inner barrier layer, in which the inner barrier layer ensures the alloy a good corrosion resistance.
Keywords
Ti-10Mo alloy
corrosion resistance
spark plasma sintering
open circuit potential
potentiodynamic polarization
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
1             Kim HY, Miyazaki S. Effects of oxygen concentration and phase stability on nano-domain structure and thermal expansion behavior of Ti–Nb–Zr–Ta–O alloys. Acta Materialia. 2015;100:313-22.
.2            Li C, Zhan Y, Jiang W. β-Type Ti–Mo–Si ternary alloys designed for biomedical applications. Materials & Design. 2012;34:479-82.
.3            Tanaka Y, Nakai M, Akahori T, Niinomi M, Tsutsumi Y, Doi H, et al. Characterization of air-formed surface oxide film on Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6 Zr alloy surface using XPS and AES. corrosion Science. 2008;50(8):2111-6.
.4            Xie F, He X, Lv Y, Wu M, He X, Qu X. Selective laser sintered porous Ti–(4–10) Mo alloys for biomedical applications: Structural characteristics, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour. Corrosion Science. 2015;95:117-24.
.5            Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK. Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants–A review. Progress in materials science. 2009;54(3):397-425.
.6            Long M, Rack H. Titanium alloys in total joint replacement—a materials science perspective. Biomaterials. 1998;19(18):1621-39.
.7            Oliveira N, Guastaldi AC. Electrochemical stability and corrosion resistance of Ti–Mo alloys for biomedical applications. Acta Biomaterialia. 2009;5(1):399-405.
.8            Oliveira NT, Aleixo G, Caram R, Guastaldi AC. Development of Ti–Mo alloys for biomedical applications: Microstructure and electrochemical characterization. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2007;452:727-31.
.9            Xie F, He X, Lu X, Cao S, Qu X. Preparation and properties of porous Ti–10Mo alloy by selective laser sintering. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2013;33(3):1085-90.
.10         Song Y, Xu D, Yang R, Li D, Wu W, Guo Z. Theoretical study of the effects of alloying elements on the strength and modulus of β-type bio-titanium alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 1999;260(1-2):269-74.
.11         Wang X, Xu S, Zhou S, Xu W, Leary M, Choong P, et al. Topological design and additive manufacturing of porous metals for bone scaffolds and orthopaedic implants: A review. Biomaterials. 2016;83:127-41.
.12         Xie F, He X, Cao S, Lu X, Qu X. Structural characterization and electrochemical behavior of a laser-sintered porous Ti–10Mo alloy. Corrosion science. 2013;67:217-24.
.13         Capela MV, Acciari HA, Capela JMV, Carvalho TM, Melin MCS. Repeatability of corrosion parameters for titanium–molybdenum alloys in 0.9% NaCl solution. Journal of alloys and compounds. 2008;465(1-2):479-83.
.14         Alves A, Santana F, Rosa L, Cursino S, Codaro E. A study on corrosion resistance of the Ti–10Mo experimental alloy after different processing methods. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2004;24(5):693-6.
.15         Lu X, Sun B, Zhao T-f, Wang L-n, Liu C-c, Qu X-h. Microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ti-Mo alloys for dental applications. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials. 2014;21:479-86.
.16         Weston N, Derguti F, Tudball A, Jackson M. Spark plasma sintering of commercial and development titanium alloy powders. Journal of Materials Science. 2015;50:4860-78.
.17         Alves Rezende MCR, Alves APR, Codaro EN, Dutra CAM. Effect of commercial mouthwashes on the corrosion resistance of Ti-10Mo experimental alloy. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 2007;18:149-54.
.18         Oliveira N, Guastaldi AC. Electrochemical behavior of Ti–Mo alloys applied as biomaterial. Corrosion Science. 2008;50(4):938-45.
.19         Xu W, Lu X, Zhang B, Liu C, Lv S, Yang S, et al. Effects of porosity on mechanical properties and corrosion resistances of PM-fabricated porous Ti-10Mo alloy. Metals. 2018. 188:(3)8;
.20         Chen L-Y, Shen P, Zhang L, Lu S, Chai L, Yang Z, et al. Corrosion behavior of non-equilibrium Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cu-O alloys in high-temperature 0.01 M LiOH aqueous solution and degradation of the surface oxide films. Corrosion Science. 2018;136:2. 30-21
.21         Qin P, Liu Y, Sercombe TB, Li Y, Zhang C, Cao C, et al. Improved corrosion resistance on selective laser melting produced Ti-5Cu alloy after heat treatment. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. 2018;4(7):2633-42.
.22         Zhang L, Chen L-Y, Zhao C, Liu Y, Zhang L-C. Calculation of oxygen diffusion coefficients in oxide films formed on low-temperature annealed Zr alloys and their related corrosion behavior. Metals. 2019;9(8):850.
.23         Mansfeld F, Kendig M. Evaluation of anodized aluminum surfaces with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 1988;135(4):828.
.24         Cheng J, Li J, Yu S, Du Z, Dong F, Zhang J, et al. Corrosion behavior of as-cast Ti–10Mo–6Zr–4Sn–3Nb and Ti–6Al–4V in Hank’s solution: a comparison investigation. Metals. 2020;11(1):11.
.25         Dai N, Zhang L-C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Ni Q, Chen Y, et al. Distinction in corrosion resistance of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy on different planes. Corrosion Science. 2016;111:703-10.
.26         Vasilescu C, Drob S, Neacsu E, Rosca JM. Surface analysis and corrosion resistance of a new titanium base alloy in simulated body fluids. Corrosion science. 2012;65:431-40.
.27         Vasilescu E, Drob P, Raducanu D, Cinca I, Mareci D, Moreno JC, et al. Effect of thermo-mechanical processing on the corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V alloys in biofluids. Corrosion Science. 2009;51(12):2885-96.
.28         Bolat G, Mareci D, Chelariu R, Izquierdo J, González S, Souto R. Investigation of the electrochemical behaviour of TiMo alloys in simulated physiological solutions. Electrochimica Acta. 2013;113:470-80.
.29         Ureña J, Tsipas S, Pinto A, Toptan F, Gordo E, Jiménez-Morales A. Corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviour of β-type Ti-Nb and Ti-Mo surfaces designed by diffusion treatments for biomedical applications. Corrosion Science. 2018;140:51-60.
.30         Rosalbino F, Maccio D, Scavino G, Saccone A. In vitro corrosion behaviour of Ti–Nb–Sn shape memory alloys in Ringer’s physiological solution. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 2012;23:865-71.
.31         Wang B, Zheng Y, Zhao L. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of biomedical Ti–22Nb and Ti–22Nb–6Zr alloys in saline medium. Materials and Corrosion. 2009;60(10):788-94.
.32         Alves V, Reis R, Santos I, Souza D, Gonçalves TdF, Pereira-da-Silva M, et al. In situ impedance spectroscopy study of the electrochemical corrosion of Ti and Ti–6Al–4V in simulated body fluid at 25 C and 37 C. Corrosion Science. 2009;51(10):2473-82.
.33         Mareci D, Chelariu R, Sutiman D, Gordin D, Gloriant T. Evaluating electrochemical behaviour of recrystallized titanium alloys in Ringer's solution. Materials and Corrosion. 2011;62(12):1117-23.
.34         Tamilselvi S, Rajendran N. In vitro corrosion behaviour of Ti‐5Al‐2Nb‐1Ta alloy in Hanks solution. Materials and Corrosion. 200. 9-285:(4)58;7
.35         Gonzalez J, Mirza-Rosca J. Study of the corrosion behavior of titanium and some of its alloys for biomedical and dental implant applications. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 1999;471(2):109-15.

  • Receive Date 22 August 2023
  • Revise Date 25 September 2025
  • Accept Date 29 June 2024