Metallurgical Engineering

Metallurgical Engineering

Synthesis of copper powder with different morphologies by electrochemical dissolution of brass alloy scrap and deposition of copper powder in the cathode

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Saeid Karimi 1
ُSamad Ghasemi 2
Shima Sadat Vaghar 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Hamedan Engineering, University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran.
3 M.Sc., Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering. Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran.
10.22076/me.2023.562316.1370
Abstract
The effect of different additives on simultaneous electrochemical dissolution and precipitation of copper from brass scrap in H2SO4 solution with a constant current density (250 A/m2) and ambient temperature has been investigated. The additives included chloride ion , nitrate ion, iron (II) and ammonium. Thermodynamic calculations of the electrochemical dissolution process and dominant species in the presence and absence of additives were analyzed. The changes in voltage and its percentage as well as the morphology of copper deposited on the cathode were investigated in the presence and absence of these additives. According to the results, with the increase in concentration of sulfuric acid, the amount of voltage required to provide the current density of 250 A/m2 decreases. The presence of chloride ions in electrolytes containing sulfuric acid with a concentration higher than 50 g/l increases the process voltage. Also, in the presence of chloride ion, cubic morphology is obtained. Nitrate ion, like chloride ion, in low concentrations of sulfuric acid causes a decrease in the copper reduction voltage in the cathode, and vice versa, in higher concentrations of sulfuric acid, an increase in voltage is observed. Also, by adding nitrate ion, an octahedral structure is created with preferential growth of {100} and {110} planes. The dissolution and electrochemical deposition of copper in the presence of iron (II) is associated with an increase in voltage and creates a completely disordered and dendritic structure. Adding ammonium ion to sulfuric acid increases the voltage required and creates a cubic structure.
Keywords
Electrochemical dissolution
Copper electrolysis
Morphology
Additives
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  • Receive Date 15 October 2022
  • Revise Date 08 April 2023
  • Accept Date 06 May 2023